Case Studies

A Collection of the Odd, Unusual and Interesting Found While Servicing Our Client Vehicles.

Originally intended as a showcase for customers of our workshop and staff’s abilities, this page has evolved in an interesting and informative teaching tool, and one of the most popular pages on our site!

By nature, these are rather extreme examples of failures, and not what we typically find during service. Our goal at Atlantic Motorcar is to prevent these from happening to you and your car. But rest assured, if we can fix these challenges, regular maintenance is breeze!

We like to call this our “YES WE CAN!” page. You can also view many of these concerns on our Facebook page. Each photo can be enlarged by clicking on it.

Mercedes S430 Air Conditioning Evaporator Core Replacement

Case Studies

Vehicle presented with a loss of refrigerant, the standard evacuation of the A/C was preformed and no gross (large) leaks were detected. Our service protocol is always recharge the air conditioning (A/C) systems with a UV test dye during any A/C service. Since the refrigerant is a gas, it is very near impossible to visually witness the leakage, other than perhaps refrigerant oil staining. The UV dye clearly shows the point of leakage, be it a hose, seal, compressor or other part. One of the most challenging components of the A/C system to diagnose is the evaporator core, located inside the dash of the car itself. As the A/C evaprorotr core is not readily visible, except by much dissembly of the dash itself, we use a three point diagnosis on these, the first part is confirming the loss of refrigerant, second, we inspect all visible components of the A/C system to eliminate any external parts, finally we inspect the drain pipes for the evaporator core, looking for telltale evidence of the UV test dye to present in the condensation run off.

Replacement of the air conditioning (A/C) evaporator core is no easy task on any car, yet alone a vehicle as complex and well engineered as a Mercedes Benz. Access to the core involves removing the center console, complete dash, steering wheel, airbag, radio, climate control head and basically stripping the car down to the engine firewall. You can see by the photos that this is no easy task. If the diagnosis is done correctly, you’ll see the evaporator core stained with the dye.

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Programing BMW X5 – Updating Vehicle Software via BMW ISTA/P

Case Studies

Updating the X5 vehicle “integration level”, the BMW term for updating the system software. The big red unit is our BMW ISTA Diagnostic cart, with the BMW Diagnostic and Programing computer. This system allows us to directly connect your vehicle to BMW’s computer servers, for diagnostics, or to check for and download the latest software. Note German Fronius Battery Stabilizer on side of cart. Cart is connected via WiFi, we simply wheel the cart up to you car, connect, and diagnose or program! As easy as updating your Microsoft Windows computer at home…maybe easier.

 

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BMW 530XI (E61) – iPod Integration With iDrive Installation

Case Studies

Recently we carried out a full iPod factory interface Installation, including an update of the vehicle entertainment software as well as the other systems on the car. Photos show the vehicle is connected to BMW’s computer servers and downloading system updates. 

The BMW iPod works very slick, simply connect your iPod to the on-board system and choose your favorite songs from your entire collection. Once your device is plugged in, you can access your music library and control the volume using either the radio, the multifunction steering wheel or the iDrive Controller. Now you can have endless musical enjoyment without being distracted from driving, all controlled via iDrive! 

Thinking about the same for your BMW? 
Call us, it would be our pleasure to assist you in any way with your BMW Service, or service on any European auto!

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Inside the BMW Electric Water (Coolant) Pump – BMW 535

Case Studies

Tech Tip – Inside The BMW Electric Water Pump
Just replaced an electric water pump on a newer Maine BMW 535 wagon this morning, quite a interesting work of technology! Most cars, including older BMWs, use a water pump which is driven by a belt on the front of the engine, a tried and proven design, but not one which allows dynamic control. As it has transitioned from the older “M” engine to the new “N” designs, BMW has come up with an interesting twist, an electric engine coolant/water pump.

An electric water pump is really a brilliant idea, it offers a higher level of control of the engine operating parameters. The electric pump can be turned on and off as needed to speed up engine warm up time and precisely control engine temperature. As an additional benefit the parasitic drag of a belt driven water pump is eliminated, in theory improving engine performance and fuel economy. Anything mechanical can fail, and the electric pump on this vehicle experienced just that, a failure of the electric motor to rotate the pump impeller and circulate the engine coolant.

Since this is a very new design, and few have seen the internal construction of the pump, we thought a photo documentary might be in order here. You’ll note the pump impeller is labeled “VDO”, a long time supplier to most of the German manufacturers. You may also note what appears to be a NiCad battery, could also be a large capacitor, inside the pump electronics. This really caught our eyes here, and we’re in the processing of determining exactly what the purpose is. The capacity would seem to be too low to run the pump, but we’re sure the engineers at BMW have a reason.

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Tech Tip – Audi, BMW, Mercedes, Mini and Volvo CV Joint Boots – Their Care, Feeding and Failure

Case Studies

WHY WE POST TECH TIPS
At times we are asked why we so freely share this information. No, it’s not that Bruce has too much time on his hands. The answer is simple, a rising tide lifts all boats, we’re always happy to share what we’ve learned, it helps our customers, helps future customers, and yes, even other shops (you’d be surprised who reads our postings). Our service philosophy is simple, PREVENT PROBLEMS before they happen, fix SMALL things before they become BIG things, and delight every customer, every time.

CV JOINT BOOTS
Be it a Audi, BMW, Mercedes, Mini Cooper, Volvo or most other imported auto, the part which connects your vehicle’s transmission to your wheel is called a Constant Velocity (CV) Joint. The CV joints are lubricated by a special grease, enclosed in a rubber boot. As you may image, boot failure is bad news for any CV joint because it dooms the joint to premature failure. A split, cracked, loose or torn boot will throw grease, draining the joint of its vital supply of lubricant. Sooner or later the joint will run dry which is not a good thing for metal-to-metal surfaces that must withstand high pressure loads and constant friction. A boot that doesn’t seal can also allow outside contaminants, such as road splash and dirt, to enter the joint and wreak havoc on its precision machined and polished surfaces. If the boot problem isn’t discovered almost immediately, joint failure will usually follow within a few thousand miles.

As long as a Audi, BMW, Mercedes, Mini Cooper or Volvo CV joint remains sealed inside its protective environment, it will do its job until it wears out. But real world driving creates conditions that can cause bad things to happen to good boots. Age, heat, cold and road hazards can all conspire to breech the protective barrier provided by the boot around the joint. And once the seal is breached, trouble quickly follows. This is why you should always inspect the boots around both the inner and outer CV joints anytime you are under a vehicle for other maintenance or repairs. At Atlantic Motorcar, keeping with our service philosophy of PREVENTING PROBLEMS, rather than just REPAIRING, checking the CV joint boots is done each and every time your car is placed on our lift.

CV JOINT INSPECTION
Under normal operating conditions, CV joints and boots are engineered to last upwards of 150,000 miles. Some go the distance, but a lot reach the end of the road far short of their design life. Some makes and models of vehicles are notorious for premature boot failures.

SYMPTOMS OF CV JOINT FAILURE
Bad boots are not the only thing you need to look for. You also need to listen for noise or complaints that might indicate a CV joint problem. These include: Popping or clicking noises when turning. This almost always indicates a worn or damaged outer CV joint. A “clunk” when accelerating, decelerating or when putting the transaxle into drive. A humming or growling noise. A shudder or vibration when accelerating. A vibration that increases with speed and load, can also be caused by a failing CV joint.

QUESTIONS?
We’re here to answer any questions you may have on your vehicle. Or, if you’re looking for a new service home, we’re happy to give you the tour. It bears repeating – Our service philosophy is simple, prevent problems before they happen, fix small things before they become big things, and delight every customer, every time. If we sound like a place you’d like to do business…then give us a call, (207) 882-9969.

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BMW and Mini Cooper ISTA Diagnostic System – Our Workshop Is Fully Equipped

Case Studies

BMW and Mini Cooper Tech Talk – BMW’s New ISTA and ISTA/P Diagnostic, Programing and Coding System
Be it Falmouth, Freeport, Brunswick, any where in coastal Maine, we’ve got you covered!

Disclaimer – Snooze Time?
Warning, Bruce is about to launch into another of his technical postings, chock full of a lot of acronyms, and funny tech words, so unless you’re a car technology geek and really, really love your car, chances are this will put you right to sleep, so save it for bed time. If, however, you’d like to learn more about how we care for, maintain and service your BMW and Mini Cooper, then read on.

Commitment
All good relationships start with a commitment, right? Our commitment to the BMW and Mini product, and investments in tooling, diagnostic suite and training have rapidly made us the choice for BMW service in coastal Maine. The Atlantic Motorcar Center is currently the only service point in Maine, other than the BMW and Mini dealer, to have full BMW ISTA Diagnostic, Coding and Programing ability. We can service even the newest BMW models, offering you BMW dealer level service (we follow all applicable service schedules) without the dealership cost. Be it a loved classic or the newest BMW model, we have equipped our workshop to service your car.

So What Is ISTA and ISTA/P?
We’ve recently added the new BMW ISTA and ISTA/P systems to our diagnostic suite, let’s talk about what ISTA and ISTA/P consist of. Understand that when we mention BMW here , it also applies to Mini Cooper.

ISTA (which stands for Integrated Service Technical Application) consists of three parts, ISIS (Integrated Service Information System/Server).

ISSS (Integrated Software Service Station) – Handles all the ISTA/P sessions for programing/coding BMW systems.

ISID (Integrated Service Information Display) – a PC which contains the ISTA/D (Diagnostics) software and used to control ISTA/P to initiate and run programming sessions. This is what our technicians carry around the workshop and perform diagnostic, coding and programing services on your BMW.

ICOM Unit (ICOM emulator) interfaces the BMW ISID to your BMW’s diagnstic connection or MOST interface to allow diagnistics to run, and to send coding and programing commands and software. The ISTA software is a vast leap in technology and complexity over GT-1/DIS/Progman with a ton of interconnecting pieces across several systems.

BMW E91 328XI Update Example – Fixing Things Through Software
Below we show the complete IATA Measures Plan update we recently carried out on a BMW E91 328Xi Touring Wagon. You can see that multiple modules and computers required updates to the newest BMW software release. BMW updates vehicle software from time to time to deal with problems developed during service, and these updates can often correct hardware or mechanical faults.

Next Steps
In any case, it is a good matter to update your BMW’s software once a year, to keep current with the latest updates. As a policy and for customer benefit, we update the software on all of our preowned sales cars during our reconditioning and certification process.

We’re Here To Help
We’d be delighted to answer any questions you might have on your BMW, Mini or other late model European auto, please do not hesitate to contact one of our Service Advisors. Likewise if you’re a shop owner with a customer car that needs to use the system, please contact us, we’re delighted to help you and your customer!
Just give us a call  at (207) 882-9969.

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BMW Navigation – HIP Module Replacement

Case Studies

Today’s BMW cars are a marvel of engineering, but require service and repair by a facility specially trained in the newest technologies. BMW Car Navigation is likewise a marvel, but it does have some weak points, one of which is known as the “HIP Module”. The HIP (Host Independent Positioning) module is fitted on the right in the BMW Car Communication Computer (CCC). It is connected to the motherboard and its processors by a ribbon cable. Problems with the BMW Navigation system can often be traced to a defective HIP module, and do not always necessitate replacement of the BMW Car Computer. At Atlantic Motorcar we have developed the ability to replace just the BMW HIP module, rather than the complete CCC should this prove to be the problem.

The BMW HIP module is used to calculate the vehicle’s position (Host Independent Positioning), navigation data are computed on the following basis: The HIP module receives Almanac data from the GPS aerial for – Date – Time – Location of the GPS satellites – Orbits – Operational capacity of the GPS satellites Almanac data are selected in the HIP module and transmitted to the navigation system. With the yaw-rate sensor in the CCC, the values for change of direction (yaw rate) of the vehicle are determined. The following values are calculated from the data: – Longitude – Latitude – Altitude above mean sea level – Direction – Speed.

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Mini Cooper Timing Chain Update

Case Studies

Mini Cooper Owners – Bears repeating, if you have a 2007-2010 Mini Cooper or Cooper S, please shorten your oil change intervals from 12,000/15,000 miles to 5,000/7,500 miles at most…the engine you save may be yours. The timing chains on the Mini N12 and N14 engines are a real weak point, failures occurring at 60,000 miles and under (we’ve documented as low as 15K miles). With proper oil services, and the correct grade oil, you can prevent this problem from ever occurring to your beloved Mini.

This car had a timing chain issue, unfortunately made all the worse by the previous servicing shop changing the oil and leaving the drain plug loose. It was towed into us from south of Brunswick, and it was wise the customer had it towed, so badly worn was the chain. A chain failure will lead to major engine damage…something that you want to prevent from occurring in the first place.

You’ll hear us repeat time and again, it is better to “Service” your car, rather than “Repair”. Proper servicing prevents problems, where as repair corrects problems. As my mother, a registered nurse would tell me growing up – “Prevention is worth a pound of cure.” Looking back, I think she was pretty wise.

Questions, or problems with your Mini? Please call us, we service more Mini Coopers (and BMWs) than any other service facility in Maine, and we’re growing. Our staff are training and equipped to handle even the newest and most complex Mini (and BMW) problems with grace, concern and attention to detail. Your Mini will love us as much as we love them! Oh, and we’re sure that you’ll love us too! Respect, for you, and your car, that’s the way we do business.
Cheers and Happy Motoring from the AMC Team!

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Mercedes Benz A/C Evaporator Core Replacement C240 4Matic

Case Studies

Vehicle presented with a loss of refrigerant, the standard evacuation of the A/C was preformed and no gross (large) leaks were detected. Our service protocol is always recharge the air conditioning (A/C) systems with a UV test dye during any A/C service. Since the refrigerant is a gas, it is very near impossible to visually witness the leakage, other than perhaps refrigerant oil staining. The UV dye clearly shows the point of leakage, be it a hose, seal, compressor or other part. One of the most challenging components of the A/C system to diagnose is the evaporator core, located inside the dash of the car itself. As the A/C evaprorotr core is not readily visible, except by much dissembly of the dash itself, we use a three point diagnosis on these, the first part is confirming the loss of refrigerant, second, we inspect all visible components of the A/C system to eliminate any external parts, finally we inspect the drain pipes for the evaporator core, looking for telltale evidence of the UV test dye to present in the condensation run off.

Replacement of the air conditioning (A/C) evaporator core is no easy task on any car, yet alone a vehicle as complex and well engineered as a Mercedes Benz. Access to the core involves removing the center console, complete dash, steering wheel, airbag, radio, climate control head and basically stripping the car down to the engine firewall. You can see by the photos that this is no easy task. If the diagnosis is done correctly, you’ll see the evaporator core stained with the dye.

While servicing this car, we were able to help the customer with another problem, saving considerable labor time. Hiding in the dash of that nice C-Class is a small plastic lever, which, given time and use, may fracture, resulting in a noise from the dash area. The noise is noted as a “snapping” or “popping” sound in or near the center vents, and the customer may also have a concern about incorrect temp or air flow from the vents. The problem, a small plastic lever which operates the foot well flaps via a servo motor.

Running a diagnostic with the Mercedes SDS computer should confirm the fault, before the teardown and visual inspection. The plastic lever in question has been redesigned to be more robust, and the update kit is available from Mercedes. The service correction is quite involved, requiring removal of the center console upper panel, radio, climate control head, and lover dash with the glove box. Once the arm is located and replaced, the SDS should be used to run a “normalization” routine on the flap system.

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Why Do My Audi, BMW, Mercedes, Volvo Coil Springs Break?

Case Studies

Why
“Why did my coils springs break?” It’s a question we hear often, especially on older vehicles. The answer is that its often not just one factor that leads to coil spring failure, but rather several. To answer this question, we’ve taken the time to do some research on coil spring failures, both common, and esoteric. Like most parts on your auto, coil springs have a finite service life, and when its up, it’s up, often in a very dramatic way. Broken coil springs are a safety issue, adversely affecting vehicle handling, tire wear and suspension alignment. A broken coil spring must be replaced at once, and because springs wear at the same rate, they should be replaced in pairs only. So without further delay, here are the main reasons for coil spring failure on your auto.

Coil Spring Fatigue
Most springs fail due to fatigue, meaning they have sustained many compression-extension cycles, and the metal becomes brittle and breaks. If the amplitude of these cycles is large, the fatiguing process is accelerated. Cars with continually overloaded trunks are candidates for early spring failure. While cars have coil springs on the front wheels too, large loads of passengers and a full trunk are assumed mostly by the rear wheels. Fatigue is also accelerated by continually driving over rough roads, such as cobblestones, as opposed to smooth asphalt. However, springs can be more susceptible to fatigue if they have not been properly annealed after the hardening step, which would lower the number of cycles they could sustain from the very outset.

Corrosion
Most of the load the spring carries is near the outer diameter of the spring wire’s cross-section, as this is the resilient outer case that receives most of the temper. As the metal starts to fatigue, micro cracks form in the surface, and the metal becomes susceptible to corrosion. Less and less of the resilient section of the coil is available to bear the spring’s load, and the spring’s weakening is further accelerated.

Decarburization
Decarburization is the gradual reduction in carbon content of the outer layer of fatiguing steel, as it is exposed to air. The right amount of carbon makes steel very strong. Its reduction in the outside circumference further weakens this outer region.

Inclusion
Impurity inclusion during the forming process can cause micro-voids containing these materials, which weaken steel. Over time, fatiguing and inclusion exacerbate each other. Many coil spring failures start at inclusions, similarly to sudden fractures of diamonds with trapped impurities.

Conclusion
Even perfectly-manufactured rear springs weaken over time from doing their job–flexing while bearing loads. Flaws in manufacturing and the fatiguing process greatly accelerate the normal process, causing rear coil springs to break.

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